基于已有项目部署网站

被拉过去帮忙给项目部署网站，之前从来没有接触过这些，现学了一些知识，记录一下过程和过程中遇到的一些问题

前置环境要求

• 安装vim、curl、git、pip、nginx、net-tools

curl是为了安装docker，但也可以通过pip安装，就不需要安装curl了

net-tools用来使用ifconfig查ip地址

安装指令也很简单，就是sudo apt install xxx，安装之前可以先更新一下sudo apt update

个人不习惯进su（因为我的zsh主题好看！），但是经常需要输入密码，嫌麻烦可以sudo su

• 安装docker和docker-compose

  • docker

    sudo curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
    sudo sh get-docker.sh
    rm get-docker.sh

    docker安装方法网上还有很多，比如sudo pip install docker，但我看这个顺眼（

  • docker-compose

    sudo pip install docker-compose

    直接安装会遇到报错：

    ERROR: docker 7.0.0 has requirement requests>=2.26.0, but you'll have requests 2.22.0 which is incompatible.
    Installing collected packages: docopt, dockerpty, distro, attrs, pyrsistent, jsonschema, python-dotenv, websocket-client, urllib3, packaging, bcrypt, pycparser, cffi, pynacl, cryptography, paramiko, docker, texttable, docker-compose
    Attempting uninstall: distro
    Found existing installation: distro 1.4.0
    Not uninstalling distro at /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages, outside environment /usr
    Can't uninstall 'distro'. No files were found to uninstall.
    Attempting uninstall: urllib3
    Found existing installation: urllib3 1.25.8
    Not uninstalling urllib3 at /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages, outside environment /usr
    Can't uninstall 'urllib3'. No files were found to uninstall.
    Attempting uninstall: pynacl
    Found existing installation: PyNaCl 1.3.0
    Not uninstalling pynacl at /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages, outside environment /usr
    Can't uninstall 'PyNaCl'. No files were found to uninstall.
    Attempting uninstall: cryptography
    Found existing installation: cryptography 2.8
    Not uninstalling cryptography at /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages, outside environment /usr
    Can't uninstall 'cryptography'. No files were found to uninstall.
    Successfully installed attrs-23.2.0 bcrypt-4.1.2 cffi-1.16.0 cryptography-42.0.1 distro-1.9.0 docker-7.0.0 docker-compose-1.29.2 dockerpty-0.4.1 docopt-0.6.2 jsons

    嗯其实看第一句就好了：has requirement requests>=2.26.0所以要先升级requests

    pip install --upgrade requests

部署网站

• 先把项目git clone到本地，根据dockerfile中的内容在根目录指定路径创建数据库文件夹

• ifconfig查本地ip之后把项目文件中settings和nginx.conf中用到ip的地方改成本地ip

• 接下来在有dockerfile的文件夹下生成容器

  docker-compose up -d

  有可能遇到报错

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/docker-compose", line 8, in <module>
  sys.exit(main())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/main.py", line 81, in main
  command_func()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/main.py", line 200, in perform_command
  project = project_from_options('.', options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/command.py", line 60, in project_from_options
  return get_project(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/command.py", line 152, in get_project
  client = get_client(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/docker_client.py", line 41, in get_client
  client = docker_client(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/compose/cli/docker_client.py", line 124, in docker_client
  kwargs = kwargs_from_env(environment=environment, ssl_version=tls_version)
  TypeError: kwargs_from_env() got an unexpected keyword argument 'ssl_version'

  把-去掉就好了

  docker compose up -d

• 容器里运行makemigrations和migrate来生成相应文件夹

  • docker ps查容器名，然后执行指令

    docker exec name python manage.py makemigrations

    docker exec name python manage.py migrate

  • 如果settings里的ip改错了就可能遇到报错

    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 289, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 270, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 247, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/init.py", line 121, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 193, in init
    super().init(*args, **kwargs2)
    MySQLdb.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to server on 'wrong ip' (115)")

    此时需要删除容器和镜像，将ip修改正确之后再次运行

    docker rmi <your-image-id>

    docker rm <your-docker-id>

    其中id可以通过docker ps查看

• 将项目中的nginx.conf替换/etc/nginx/sites-available中的default(要把名字也改成default)，再加载nginx

  nginx -s reload

  nginx -t

• 最后将项目文件中的dist文件复制到根目录创建的文件夹下

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以上只针对这次项目的部署，很多环境在给的dockerfile中配好了，我也没怎么去研究，仅记录一下中间遇到的一些问题，虽然是一些小问题但是耗了我两三个小时…嗯仅供参考吧